Wednesday, September 07, 2005

Seeing Double .. or Triple

A common problem in webometrics is the lack of standardization in the URL addresses, so there is no even informal agreement about what position in the directory tree should be occupied by a team, journal, conference or personal page. In recent studies about electronic journals (available only in Spanish) we express our concern about the loss of impact and visibility due to bad practices in naming the URLs.

For the whole set of World Universities we found a significant number of institutions with two or even three different institutional domains for the same pages. This duplicate naming system is confusing and it is having a negative effect on the webometric indicators of those institutions: The number of inlinks decrease as they are distributed among different domains. The following Table consists of universities for which a main institutional domain has not been identified. Any help will be welcomed:


ALBRIGHT COLLEGE

http://www.alb.edu

http://www.albright.edu

ART INSTITUTE OF SEATTLE

http://www.ais.edu

http://www.ais.artinstitutes.edu

ART INSTITUTES

http://www.aii.edu

http://www.artinstitutes.edu

BEIJING INTERNATIONAL STUDIES UNIVERSITY

http://www.bisu.edu.cn

http://www.erwai.edu.cn

BRISTOL UNIVERSITY

http://www.bris.ac.uk

http://www.bristol.ac.uk

BUSINESS SCHOOL OSTRAVA

http://www.eco.cz

http://www.vsp.cz

CERAM SOPHIA ANTIPOLIS EUROPEAN SCHOOL OF MANAGEMENT

http://www.ceram.edu

http://www.ceram.fr

CHIANG MAI UNIVERSITY

http://www.chiangmai.ac.th

http://www.cmu.ac.th

CHONGQING INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

http://www.cqit.com.cn

http://www.cqit.edu.cn

CLEVELAND CHIROPRACTIC COLLEGE

http://www.cleveland.edu

http://www.clevelandchiropractic.edu

DICKINSON STATE UNIVERSITY

http://www.dickinsonstate.edu

http://www.dsu.nodak.edu

DONGSHIN UNIVERSITY

http://www.dongshinu.ac.kr

http://www.dsu.ac.kr

EAST CHINA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

http://www.ecgi.jx.cn

http://www.ecit.edu.cn

ESCP-EAP EUROPEAN SCHOOL OF MANAGEMENT

http://www.eap.ccip.fr

http://www.eap.fr

http://www.escp.fr

FACULTY OF QUIMICA UNIVERSITY OF LA REPUBLICA

http://www.bilbo.edu.uy

http://www.fq.edu.uy

GDYNIA MARITIME UNIVERSITY

http://www.am.gdynia.pl

http://www.wsm.gdynia.pl

HACETTEPE UNIVERSITY

http://www.hacettepe.edu.tr

http://www.hun.edu.tr

HANBAT NATIONAL UNIVERSITY

http://www.hanbat.ac.kr

http://www.tnut.ac.kr

HANDONG GLOBAL UNIVERSITY

http://www.han.ac.kr

http://www.handong.edu

HEBREW UNIVERSITY OF JERUSALEM

http://www.huji.ac.il

http://www.hebrewuniversity.edu

HUNAN UNIVERSITY

http://www.hnu.cn

http://www.hunu.edu.cn

INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ROORKEE

http://www.iitr.ac.in

http://www.rurkiu.ernet.in

INSEAD BUSINESS SCHOOL

http://www.insead.edu

http://www.insead.fr

INSTITUTO TECNOLOGICO DE CHIHUAHUA

http://www.itch.edu.mx

http://www.itchihuahua.edu.mx

INSTITUTO TECNOLOGICO DE MERIDA

http://www.itmerida.edu.mx

http://www.itmerida.mx

INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF APPLIED SCIENCES OF BAD HONNEF

http://www.fhbadhonnef.de

http://www.fh-bad-honnef.de

IVANO-FRANKIVSK STATE TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF OIL & GAS

http://www.ifdtung.if.ua

http://www.nung.edu.ua

JIANGSU POLICE INSTITUTE

http://www.jpi.gov.cn

http://www.jspi.cn

JUILLIARD SCHOOL

http://www.juilliard.edu

http://www.julliard.edu

KINGSTON UNIVERSITY LONDON

http://www.king.ac.uk

http://www.kingston.ac.uk

KOREA MARITIME UNIVERSITY

http://www.hhu.ac.kr

http://www.kmaritime.ac.kr

KWANGWOON UNIVERSITY

http://www.kw.ac.kr

http://www.kwangwoon.ac.kr

LONDON BUSINESS SCHOOL

http://www.lbs.ac.uk

http://www.lbs.lon.ac.uk

http://www.london.edu

MAKHANLAL CHATURVEDI NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF JOURNALISM

http://www.makhanlaluniversity.org

http://www.mcu.ac.in

MANAGEMENT CENTER INNSBRUCK

http://www.fh-tirol.at

http://www.mci.at

MIRYANG NATIONAL UNIVERSITY

http://www.miryang.ac.kr

http://www.mnu.ac.kr

NANJING UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY

http://www.njuct.edu.cn

http://www.njut.edu.cn

OMSK STATE UNIVERSITY

http://www.omsu.omskreg.ru

http://www.omsu.ru

http://www.univer.omsk.ru

OPEN UNIVERSITY UK

http://www.open.ac.uk

http://www.open.edu

OSLO UNIVERSITY COLLEGE

http://www.hio.no

http://www.khio.no

PAI CHAI UNIVERSITY

http://www.paichai.ac.kr

http://www.pcu.ac.kr

PLANTIJN UNIVERSITY OF PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION

http://www.plantijn.be

http://www.plantijn-hs.be

POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF MARCHE ANCONA

http://www.unian.it

http://www.univpm.it

PROTESTANT UNIVERSITY OF APPLIED SCIENCES OF REUTLINGEN-LUDWIGSBURG

http://www.efh-ludwigsburg.de

http://www.efh-reutlingen-ludwigsburg.de

QUEEN MARY UNIVERSITY OF LONDON

http://www.qmul.ac.uk

http://www.qmw.ac.uk

SCHOOL OF MINES ALES

http://www.ema.fr

http://www.ensm-ales.fr

SHANDONG JIAOTONG UNIVERSITY

http://www.jncc.edu.cn

http://www.sdjtu.edu.cn

ST JOHN'S COLLEGE

http://www.sjca.edu

http://www.sjcsf.edu

STONY BROOK UNIVERSITY

http://www.stonybrook.edu

http://www.sunysb.edu

SZENT ISTVAN UNIVERSITY

http://www.szie.hu

http://www.sziu.hu

TOMSK STATE UNIVERSITY OF CONTROL SYSTEMS AND RADIOELECTRONICS

http://www.tasur.edu.ru

http://www.tusur.ru

UNIVERSITY OF ABERTAY DUNDEE

http://www.abertay.ac.uk

http://www.tay.ac.uk

UNIVERSITY OF APPLIED SCIENCES HARZ

http://www.fh-harz.de

http://www.hs-harz.de

UNIVERSITY OF BRADFORD

http://www.brad.ac.uk

http://www.bradford.ac.uk

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH

http://www.ed.ac.uk

http://www.edinburgh.ac.uk

UNIVERSITY OF ESSEX

http://www.essex.ac.uk

http://www.sx.ac.uk

UNIVERSITY OF NEWCASTLE UPON TYNE

http://www.ncl.ac.uk

http://www.newcastle.ac.uk

UNIVERSITY OF SHEFFIELD

http://www.shef.ac.uk

http://www.sheffield.ac.uk

UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHAMPTON

http://www.soton.ac.uk

http://www.southampton.ac.uk

UNIVERSITY OF WESTMINSTER

http://www.westminster.ac.uk

http://www.wmin.ac.uk

URGENCH STATE UNIVERSITY

http://www.ursu.uzpak.uz

http://www.urdu.uzpak.uz

http://www.urgenchsu.narod.ru

WAGENINGEN UNIVERSITY

http://www.wau.nl

http://www.wu.nl

WYZSZA SZKOLA ADMINISTRACJI PUBLICZNEJ W BIALYMSTOKU

http://www.wsap.bialystok.pl

http://www.wsap.edu.pl

YEUNGNAM UNIVERSITY

http://www.yeungnam.ac.kr

http://www.yu.ac.kr

YULIN NORMAL UNIVERSITY

http://www.ylu.cn

http://www.ylu.edu.cn

Friday, September 02, 2005

Invoked on the Web

The citation analysis is not the only way to analyze the bibliographic characteristics of a paper although it is a key method for bibliometric studies. In a similar way, some proposals intend to restrict the webometric studies to the link analysis and specifically the sitation analysis, the formal links between electronic papers. Obviously, there are many other possibilities to exploit web data, including informal references that can benefited from the large sample size of the webspace.

Cronin et al. (Invoked on the Web. Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 49 (14): 1319-1328) in 1998 proposed to analyse the number of times a researcher’s name appeared cited in web pages. This is equally valid for a title of a paper (introduced formally by Liwen Vaughan and used by Hildrun Kretschmer too, the name of an institution, or selected terms or phrases (You can check some of the papers by Judit Bar-Ilan).

From a methodological point of view, and taking into account that search engines do not cover all the Web and there important bias in their results, invocation can be calculated easily using quotation marks around the name in the search engines. The result is referred as the number of times this name is cited in the Web. Some authors call it Web visibility, although we prefer to reserve this word for link visibility. This indicator usually favours large, well-known, old institutions independently of their real effort for having a relevant Web presence.

Some Peruvian universities were chosen to compare several webometric indicators. Ranked according to the invocation, there are some placements that are not correlated with those obtained with the other indicators.


Although invocation measures can be interesting for some analysis, a cautionary use is recommended as it is not possible to assign a unique, unambiguous universal name for every institution.